Do any special reinforcements need to be made to the framing/flooring if I plan to put a pool table in an upstairs bonus room?

No. The term bonus room implies a newer home. Your floors should be just fine to handle the live load.

It depends on the weight of the pool table, and the size of the framing members that it will rest on, and their span.

But let's say the pool table was 4' x 8' and weighed 640 pounds. That weight, over 32 square feet, is 20 pounds per square foot, and your floors SHOULD be designed for at least 30.

Of course, this load is not evenly distributed, but probably comes down on six legs...so each leg will produce a concentrated load of just over 100 pounds. The floor structure should be designed to support a concentrated load of 200 pounds at any one point.

So, in a properly designed house, there should be no problem.

Thanks so much for your responses, however, if the table weighs more in the 800 plus range and only has 4 legs, should reinforcements be used?

To answer that question properly, I'd have to know the floor joist size and the spans, and where the legs will come down on the floor, exactly. If your house was designed to the absolute minimum standards, you may get some deflection in the floor, but it won't be much.

If the house was designed for a bit of extra stiffness, then you're OK.