My whirlpool tub is located on the second floor and regardliess if the jets are on or off, when water level reaches the jets, water leaks through the drainage hole. After pulling off the wall cover to look underneath the tub, I noticed that one of the overflow hoses (not the jets) has come detached from the tub. This drainage hole is located right next to the drainage pipe runs which runs through the floor board upstairs. I'm betting this hose is connected to the jet spray system, and when water reaches the jets, water then back flows out the overflow hose resulting in water leaking out. If this is the problem, can a repairman reconnect this hose without removing surrounding tile and removing the whirlpool tub?

If the hose had been glued into place sure this can be fixed as long as you can reach this hose and place it back into the location where its supposed to be. You can do this yourself if you have gone this far in finding where it leaked. A good apoxy that you can purchase at most big box stores should do the trick.
This is assuming the hose your talking about is the air inlet hose for the jets.